TLDR;
This video discusses the history of the Pajajaran Kingdom, a significant Hindu kingdom in West Java. It covers its founding, the reign of Prabu Siliwangi, its decline due to attacks from the Banten Sultanate, and its historical legacy. Key points include:
- The kingdom was founded in 923 AD by Sri Jaya Bupati.
- Prabu Siliwangi's reign marked a golden age for Pajajaran.
- The kingdom fell in 1579 due to attacks from the Banten Sultanate.
- Peninggalan (Heritages) include Babat Pajajaran, Carita Parahyangan, and Prasasti Batu Tulis.
Introduction to the Pajajaran Kingdom [0:02]
The Pajajaran Kingdom was a major Hindu kingdom in the archipelago, located in West Java. It reached its peak under Prabu Siliwangi, a wise king who brought prosperity to his people. As an influential kingdom, Pajajaran left behind historical relics that serve as evidence of its glory.
Founding and Early Rulers [0:31]
Pajajaran was founded in 923 AD by Sri Jaya Bupati, whose territory covered about one-third to one-half of Java. Portuguese maps indicate Pajajaran's location in present-day Bogor. After Sri Jaya Bupati, Rahyang Niskala Wastu Kencana took over, moving the government to Kawali. When Prabu Siliwangi became king, he moved the capital back to Pakuan Pajajaran.
The Reign of Prabu Siliwangi [1:10]
The kingdom truly began to flourish under Sri Baduga Maharaja, also known as Prabu Siliwangi, who ruled from 1482 to 1521 AD. During his reign, Pajajaran was secure and peaceful. Prabu Siliwangi prioritized the welfare of his people, and one of his first acts was to abolish four types of taxes. He was known for upholding equality in social life. Pajajaran was a large kingdom with 100,000 soldiers and 40 war elephants, according to Portuguese sources.
List of Kings [2:03]
Besides Sri Jaya Bupati, other kings who ruled Pajajaran included Sri Baduga Maharaja (Prabu Siliwangi), Surawisesa, Ratu Dewata, and Ratu Sakti, who governed in Pakuan. Ratu Nila Kendra left Pakuan due to attacks by Hasanudin and Maulana Yusuf, and Raga Mulia ruled in Pandeglang.
Decline of the Kingdom [2:31]
Pajajaran's decline occurred in 1579 due to attacks from the Banten Sultanate, another Sundanese kingdom in West Java. The fall of Pajajaran was marked by the removal of the Palangka Sriman Sriwacana, or the King's Throne, from Pakuan to Surosowan in Banten by Maulana Yusuf's forces. This tradition was a political act to prevent the establishment of a new king, signifying Maulana Yusuf as the legitimate successor to Pajajaran's power, being a descendant of Prabu Siliwangi's son, Pangeran Walang Sungsang.
Legacy and the Baduy Tribe [3:37]
After the fall of Pajajaran, some palace officials left the kraton and established a new civilization in the Lebak region. They maintained strict old ways of life and became known as the Baduy tribe.
Historical Relics [4:01]
The Pajajaran Kingdom left behind several historical relics, including:
- Babat Pajajaran: An ancient manuscript containing the genealogy of kings and the early history of the Pajajaran Kingdom.
- Carita Parahyangan: A Sundanese historical manuscript from the Galuh kingdom to the fall of Pajajaran, mentioning place names still used today, such as Ancol, Cirebon, and Citarum.
- Wawacan: Narratives from the 17th-18th centuries that recount the genealogy of Pajajaran kings since the time of Prophet Adam, reflecting a blend of Hindu and Islamic cultures.
- Prasasti Batu Tulis: An inscription made in 1533 as a form of respect to Sri Baduga Maharaja.
Peruru Forest [4:58]
The Peruru forest was maintained with rare trees before being transformed into the Bogor Botanical Gardens by the Dutch.
