TLDR;
This video by MooMooMath and Science explains the lithosphere, which is the solid, rigid outer layer of Earth, comprising the crust and the upper part of the mantle. The video details its composition, division into oceanic and continental types, and the concept of tectonic plates. It also touches on the historical context of Pangaea and the occurrence of earthquakes within the lithosphere due to tectonic plate movement.
- The lithosphere is the solid, rigid outer layer of Earth.
- It is divided into oceanic and continental lithosphere.
- The lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates that move, causing earthquakes.
Introduction to the Lithosphere [0:00]
The lithosphere is defined as the solid and rigid outermost layer of Earth, which includes the crust and the upper portion of the mantle containing rigid rocks. It is the topmost layer of the Earth, encompassing both land and water.
Oceanic vs. Continental Lithosphere [0:26]
The lithosphere is divided into two types: oceanic and continental. Oceanic lithosphere is associated with the oceanic crust and is found in ocean basins, characterized by its higher density compared to continental lithosphere. Continental lithosphere is linked to the continental crust, averaging about 22 miles in thickness but potentially reaching up to 37 miles under mountain ranges.
Tectonic Plates and Pangaea [1:00]
The lithosphere is fragmented into large sections known as tectonic plates, which are in constant motion. It is hypothesized that the continents were initially joined as a single landmass called Pangaea, which subsequently fractured into multiple tectonic plates, leading to the formation of the individual continents. Key plates include the Pacific, North American, Eurasian, African, Antarctic, Indo-Australian, and South American plates, along with several minor plates.
Earthquakes and the Lithosphere [1:39]
The lithosphere is the zone where all earthquakes occur on Earth. Earthquakes are a result of the shifting and colliding of tectonic plates.