TLDR;
Track ballast, the crushed stones lining railway tracks, is essential for maintaining the integrity and safety of train travel. These stones, characterized by their jagged shape and uniform size, serve multiple critical functions. They secure sleepers, distribute the immense load of trains, dampen vibrations for passenger comfort, ensure proper drainage, prevent vegetation growth, absorb noise, and minimize heat expansion. Regular maintenance, including cleaning and occasional replacement, is necessary to ensure the ballast's effectiveness.
- Holds sleepers in place
- Distributes load evenly
- Dampens vibration
- Provides drainage
- Prevents vegetation
- Absorbs noise
- Minimizes heat expansion
Introduction to Track Ballast [0:00]
The video introduces the concept of track ballast, which refers to the crushed stones that line railroad tracks. These stones appear consistently in shape and texture across different countries. The purpose of the video is to explain the reasons behind the use of these specific stones in railway construction.
Composition and Characteristics [0:26]
Track ballast forms the trackbed upon which sleepers or railroad ties are laid, typically ranging in thickness from 25-30 cm. While usually made of crushed rocks or stone, burnt clay can be used as a less suitable alternative. The stones have a specific jagged shape, size, and texture to interlock effectively, which is crucial for maintaining the ballast's strength, unlike smooth rocks that would slide and compromise the structure.
Primary Functions of Track Ballast [1:33]
Track ballast serves to protect the railway track, which is prone to corrosion and rusting due to constant exposure to environmental elements. It secures sleepers in place, preventing longitudinal or lateral movement under the stress of heavy trains. The jagged stones distribute the immense load exerted by trains evenly, preventing stress on the sleepers and track.
Additional Benefits of Track Ballast [2:43]
Track ballast absorbs vibrations from moving trains, enhancing passenger comfort. It also prevents water clogging and accumulation around the sleepers, which helps to avoid rapid rusting of metallic parts. Furthermore, the stones prevent vegetation growth around the tracks, which could compromise the track's structure and strength.
Noise Absorption and Heat Expansion [3:53]
The crushed stones in track ballast provide a larger surface area than a flat plane, which facilitates noise absorption, making trains noticeably quieter. Additionally, track ballast helps minimize heat expansion during the summer, ensuring the track's efficacy and safety.
Maintenance and Upkeep [4:39]
Track ballast requires regular maintenance and cleaning to maintain its effectiveness. Accumulation of dirt or mud can impair its draining ability. Maintenance includes replacing stones and using ballast cleaners to reduce manual labor.