TLDR;
This YouTube video by Utkarsh Classes provides a concise overview of modern Indian history from 1905 to 1950, focusing on key events and figures. It also covers current affairs and important headlines, including Uruguay legalizing euthanasia, India's GIFT City ranking in the Global Finance Centres Index, and the organization of the Khelo India University Games in Rajasthan. The video aims to help viewers revise important topics quickly and efficiently.
- Key historical events from 1905-1950 covered.
- Current affairs highlights including international rankings and awards.
- Focus on upcoming events like Khelo India University Games.
Introduction [0:35]
The session starts with a motivational message, emphasizing perseverance and determination to achieve goals. It encourages students to focus on their studies and prepare diligently for upcoming exams, setting aside distractions from festivals and personal matters.
Historical Events: 1905-1950 [1:03]
The lecture covers significant events in modern Indian history from 1905 to 1950:
- 1905: Partition of Bengal announced on August 7, leading to protests and the boycott of foreign goods in Kolkata. The partition was implemented on October 16, marked as Raksha Bandhan Day.
- 1907: The Surat session of the Congress saw a split between extremist and moderate factions, with Ras Bihari Ghosh as president.
- 1909: The Morley-Minto Act introduced communal elections in India.
- 1915: Mahatma Gandhi returned to India on January 9, which is now celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Divas.
- 1916: The Lucknow session of the Congress, headed by Ambika Charan Majumdar, resulted in a pact between the Congress and the Muslim League, and a reunion of moderate and extremist groups. The Banaras Hindu University (BHU) was established, and the Home Rule League Movement began, led by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
- 1917: The Kolkata session of the Congress was headed by Annie Besant, the first woman president of the Congress. The Champaran Satyagraha, led by Mahatma Gandhi, protested against indigo cultivation and the Tinkathia system in Bihar.
- 1919: The Rowlatt Act was passed, allowing for detention without trial. The Montague-Chelmsford Act introduced dyarchy in the provinces. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13.
- 1920: The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in India, with Mahatma Gandhi renouncing his Kesar-e-Hind title.
- 1922: The Chauri Chaura incident in Gorakhpur led to the end of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
- 1923: The Swaraj Party was founded by Chitranjan Das (CR Das) and Motilal Nehru.
- 1924: Mahatma Gandhi presided over the Belgaum session of the Congress.
- 1925: Sarojini Naidu became the first Indian woman to head the Kanpur session of the Congress. The Kakori Train Action took place on August 9, involving figures like Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan.
- 1927: The Simon Commission was formed.
- 1928: The Nehru Report was presented.
- 1929: The Lahore session, under Jawaharlal Nehru, demanded complete independence for the first time. January 26, 1930, was declared Purna Swaraj Day.
- 1930: The Civil Disobedience Movement started, including the Dandi March from March 12 to April 6, led by Mahatma Gandhi. The first Round Table Conference was held, but the Congress did not participate.
- 1931: The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed on March 5, leading to Congress participation in the second Round Table Conference. Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev were hanged on March 23. Mahatma Gandhi participated in the Second Round Table Conference.
- 1932: The Communal Award was introduced by Ramsay MacDonald. The Poona Pact was signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Pandit Bhimrao Ambedkar in September.
- 1940: The August Offer was made, and individual Satyagraha started, with Vinoba Bhave as the first Satyagrahi.
- 1942: The Quit India Movement began on August 9, with Linlithgow as Viceroy. The slogan "Do or Die" was given.
- 1946: The Cabinet Mission was formed, including Pethic Lawrence, Alexander, and Stafford Cripps, with Lawrence as president. It proposed a Constituent Assembly with one seat for every 10 lakh population, totaling 389 seats.
- 1946: The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held on December 9, with Sachchidanand Sinha as temporary chairman.
- 1946: The objective resolution was presented on December 13 by Jawaharlal Nehru and accepted on January 22, 1947.
- 1947: Mountbatten was made Viceroy and announced on June 3 that India and Pakistan would be separate nations. The Indian Independence Act was passed on July 18.
- 1949: The Constitution was ready on November 26.
- 1950: The Constitution of India came into force on January 26. Some articles, including those related to citizenship, were applied partially. The national anthem and national song were accepted on January 24. The Supreme Court was formed on January 28. The national flag was adopted on July 22, 1947.
Current Affairs and Headlines [19:01]
The session covers recent current affairs and important headlines:
- Uruguay became the first Latin American country to legalize euthanasia, allowing dignified death for individuals with unbearable pain or incurable diseases.
- India's GIFT City (Gujarat International Finance Tec-City) was ranked 43rd in the Global Finance Centres Index, with Mumbai at 46th and New Delhi at 54th.
- Bimben Deko won the Best Wildlife Photographer Award 2025 for his photo "Ghost Town Visitor," taken over 10 years, featuring a brown hyena in a diamond factory ruin.
- The 5th Khelo India University Games will be held in seven cities in Rajasthan, starting from November 24, featuring 23 sports, including volleyball, canoeing, cycling, and kayaking for the first time.
- The Vital Statistics of India Report 2023 revealed that Arunachal Pradesh has the highest sex ratio at birth (1085), while Jharkhand has the lowest (899).
- Army Colonel Michael Randrio Nirina was sworn in as President of Madagascar after a military coup, leading to a ban from the UNO.
- A court in Belgium approved the extradition of Mehul Choksi to India in the PNB fraud case, based on an extradition treaty between India and Belgium.
- The 11th India International Science Festival will be held in Chandigarh from December 6 to 9, with the theme "Prosperity through Science."
- The Kati Bihu Festival, symbolizing the translocation of rice plants and food shortages, was organized in Assam.
- Jyoti Surekha became the first Indian woman to win a medal in the Archery World Cup final in Nanjing, China.
- India's first UPI for women, Lakshmi Pay, was launched.
Additional Information and Announcements [1:01:28]
- Magazines and books related to Delhi Police exams are available in the market.
- Utkarsh is offering a discount on courses, with a 100% fee refund on final selection.
- A big announcement will be made on November 4 regarding upcoming classes.
- The next session will cover the Nobel Prize winners.