Siklus Hidrologi | Geografi

TLDR;

This video explains the concept of the hydrological cycle, also known as the water cycle, which ensures that the amount of water on Earth remains relatively constant despite continuous use. It describes the three main types of water cycles: short, medium, and long, detailing the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, advection, runoff, and infiltration involved in each.

Explains the concept of the hydrological cycle
Describes three types of water cycles: short, medium, and long
Details the processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, advection, runoff, and infiltration

Introduction to the Hydrological Cycle [0:00]

The video starts by highlighting the daily human need for water for various activities like bathing, drinking, and cleaning. It poses a hypothetical scenario about the amount of water consumed daily by Indonesia's population, then extends the thought to global water usage. Despite this constant consumption, the video introduces the concept of the hydrological cycle to explain why the Earth's water supply never runs out.

Overview of the Hydrological Cycle [0:52]

The hydrological cycle, or water cycle, is a series of stages that water goes through as it moves from the Earth to the atmosphere and back. In essence, water on Earth evaporates, forms clouds, and returns as rain, maintaining a relatively constant volume of water despite human usage. This cycle is continuous and will persist as long as the Earth exists. The hydrological cycle is divided into three types: short, medium, and long.

Short Water Cycle [1:22]

The short water cycle is the simplest and shortest of the three cycles. In this cycle, water from the ocean evaporates due to the heat of the sun, a process known as evaporation, which involves the transformation of water from bodies like oceans, lakes, and rivers into vapor. The water vapor then undergoes condensation, turning into clouds. These clouds then release precipitation in the form of rain back into the ocean, completing the cycle.

Medium Water Cycle [2:08]

In the medium water cycle, evaporation and condensation occur similarly to the short cycle, but the key difference is that the rain falls on land instead of directly back into the ocean. After condensation, clouds can undergo advection, which is the movement of clouds to other locations with the help of wind. This process allows the clouds to release rain over land, leading to runoff, where water moves across the land from high to low areas, eventually flowing back into the ocean, thus restarting the cycle. Additionally, water that falls on land can also undergo infiltration, seeping into the soil and eventually making its way to the ocean over a longer period.

Long Water Cycle [3:22]

The long water cycle is the most complex of the three. Like the other cycles, it begins with evaporation and condensation. However, in this cycle, the water vapor is transported to colder regions of the atmosphere, where it freezes and falls as snow or ice. This occurs because the clouds move to areas with lower temperatures. The snow and ice then accumulate until the spring, when they melt and flow over the Earth's surface, eventually reaching the ocean and restarting the cycle.