TLDR;
This video provides a comprehensive overview of important legal updates, news, and judgments. It covers topics such as the upcoming census in 2027, the process of delimitation and its potential impact on Southern states, property registration rules highlighted in the Mahnoor Fatima case, the validity and conditions for narco-analysis tests based on the Amlesh Kumar case, personality rights with reference to the Sadhguru case, the Iran-Israel conflict, and the legal framework governing aviation incidents following the Ahmedabad plane crash.
- Census 2027 will be India's first fully digital census and will include a caste census after almost 100 years.
- Delimitation is the process of redrawing the boundaries of Lok Sabha and Assembly constituencies based on census data to ensure equal value for every vote.
- Property registration requires a lawful and valid title to establish ownership, as highlighted in the Mahnoor Fatima case.
- Narco-analysis tests can be administered if the accused voluntarily consents, but this is not an absolute right.
- Personality rights protect an individual's unique identity, including voice, style, and appearance, from unauthorized commercial use, as seen in the Sadhguru case.
- The Montreal Convention and the Carriage by Air Act govern aviation incidents, providing compensation to victims' families based on strict liability.
Legal Current Affairs 2025 Intro [0:00]
Priya introduces the video as a monthly legal update, promising to explain important legal news and judgments. The video aims to provide viewers with new insights and knowledge on current legal topics.
Census 2027 [0:31]
India will conduct a census starting March 1, 2027, after a 16-year gap. A census is an official nationwide survey collecting data such as name, age, gender, education, religion, and housing details. This data informs the design of Parliament seats, reservation policies, and welfare schemes. The 2027 census will be India's first fully digital census, offering a self-enumeration option. Additionally, a caste census will be conducted after nearly a century, collecting data on SC, ST, and OBC categories. This data will be used to provide quotas and make policies based on concrete information. The caste census data may lead to new reservation claims, revision of the 50% reservation limit set by the Supreme Court, further sub-categorization within SC/ST categories, and the exclusion of the creamy layer from OBC reservations.
Delimitation Explained [3:11]
Delimitation, which starts after the census, involves deciding the number of seats each state will have in the Lok Sabha based on population to ensure every vote has equal value. If a constituency's population has increased or decreased, the boundaries of Lok Sabha and Assembly constituencies are redrawn. This process is carried out by the Delimitation Committee, an independent body whose decisions are final and cannot be changed by Parliament or reviewed by the court. The committee includes a retired Supreme Court judge, the Chief Election Commissioner, and state election commissioners. Southern states worry that delimitation based on population could give Northern states more Lok Sabha seats, leading to a political power imbalance. This concern arises from the fact that Southern states responsibly implemented family planning programs, controlling their population, unlike Northern states.
Property Registration Case | Mahnoor Fatima case 2025 [7:24]
The Mahnoor Fatima case involves a property dispute where A sells a property to B in 1982 with a sale agreement that is not registered. Sections 17 and 49 of the Registration Act 1908 mandate that registration is compulsory for the title transfer of any property to be complete, and unregistered documents cannot be used as evidence in court. B then sells the property to a builder, who registers the sale agreement, and the builder sells it to Mahnoor Fatima, also registering the sale agreement. The Supreme Court reiterated that since the initial agreement of 1982 was invalid due to lack of registration, all subsequent transactions are also invalid. The court emphasized that establishing ownership requires a lawful and valid title, not just registration.
Right to Narco-Test | Amlesh Kumar case 2025 [9:11]
The Amlesh Kumar case discusses the validity of narco-analysis tests. The accused, charged with murder and harassment, had the Patna High Court allow a narco-analysis test. A narco test involves inducing Sodium Pentothal, causing the person to speak their subconscious thoughts. The Supreme Court, referencing the Selvi versus State of Karnataka case (2010), stated that forcibly subjecting an accused to a narco-analysis test violates their right to personal liberty and self-incrimination (Article 21 and Article 20(3)). Conducting a narco test without consent also violates mental privacy. However, the court raised the question of whether an accused can demand a narco test to prove their innocence. The court said that if the accused is presenting evidence at the time of trial then he can request for narco test. This request is not an absolute right and can be denied by the court.
Personality Rights Judgment | Sadhguru case 2025 [12:08]
Personality rights, or publicity rights, protect an individual's voice, unique style, look, appearance, and image from unauthorized commercial use. Sadhguru approached the Delhi High Court to protect his personality rights after AI-generated misleading messages were created using his voice and video. The laws regarding personality rights in India are not very clear, with protection mainly available under Article 21 (right to privacy and personal liberty) and within the concepts of passing off and defamation in tort law. The High Court recognized Sadhguru's unique style and image as his identity and ordered the suspension of YouTube channels and websites producing misleading messages using AI tools and infringing on his personality rights.
Iran-Israel War | Operation Rising Lion [14:03]
Israel launched Operation Rising Lion, directly attacking Iran's nuclear plants and military sites to prevent Iran from developing nuclear bombs. Iran and Israel have a 40-year rivalry, with Iran considering Israel an illegitimate country built on Palestinian land. Iran supports groups fighting against Israel, such as Hamas, Hezbollah, and Houthis, providing them with money, weapons, and training. Israel aims to eliminate these proxies to reduce Iran's influence in the Middle East.
Ahmedabad Plane Crash & Montreal Convention [15:20]
An Air India flight from Ahmedabad to London crashed near Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Airport in Ahmedabad, resulting in 250 deaths. The investigation into the cause of the crash is ongoing. Such incidents are governed by the Montreal Convention and India's Carriage by Air Act, which follow the law of strict liability. This means that regardless of fault, the victim's family will receive compensation: Rs 1.85 crore as per the Montreal Convention and Rs 1.32 crore as per the Carriage by Air Act. Air India will have to match these compensation values.