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TLDR;
This video explains Ida Jean Orlando's Deliberative Nursing Process theory, emphasizing the importance of understanding a patient's needs through communication and critical thinking, rather than automatic actions. It covers Orlando's background, key concepts of the theory such as distress, nursing roles, and patient behavior, and the four metaparadigms: nursing, human being, health, and environment. The video also explains the nursing process framework: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
- Ida Jean Orlando's theory emphasizes understanding patient needs through communication.
- The theory includes key concepts like distress, nursing roles, and patient behavior.
- The nursing process framework involves assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Introduction to Deliberative Nursing Process Theory [0:25]
The video introduces Ida Jean Orlando's Deliberative Nursing Process theory, which emphasizes the importance of interaction and communication between the nurse and the patient. According to Orlando, a nurse's actions should not be automatic but deliberate and based on the patient's actual needs. Communication is crucial to understand the patient's feelings and needs, highlighting that nursing involves understanding, critical thinking, and providing care that truly responds to the patient's needs.
Ida Jean Orlando's Background [1:16]
Ida Jean Orlando was born in 1926 and received her nursing diploma in 1947 from New York Medical College. She earned a bachelor's degree in public health nursing from St. John University in Brooklyn in 1951 and a master's degree in mental health consultations from Teachers College, Colombia University in New York in 1954. Orlando is best known for her nursing theory, the dynamic nurse-patient relationship, introduced in 1961 and expanded in 1972. She retired from active nursing practice in 1992 and was honored as a nurse living legend in 2006 by the Massachusetts Register Nurse Association. She passed away in 2007, leaving a legacy that continues to guide nursing practice.
Patient Interpretation and Nursing Role [2:34]
According to Orlando, patients have their own interpretations of situations, and nurses must validate their inferences with patients before concluding. It's important for nurses not to assume but to confirm the patient's needs before taking action. Distress is defined as the state of a patient whose needs have not been met. The nursing role is to identify and meet the patient's immediate need for help, with nursing actions directly or indirectly providing for these needs.
Key Definitions: Distress, Nursing Role, and Nursing Action [4:02]
Distress refers to the discomfort or pain experienced by a patient when their needs are unmet. The nursing role involves identifying and addressing the patient's needs promptly. Nursing action includes both direct and indirect measures taken by the nurse to meet the patient's immediate needs. For example, if a patient has body pain and the nurse hasn't provided a solution, the patient is in distress. The nurse's role is to determine the patient's needs, and the nursing action is the steps taken to help or treat the patient.
Core Concepts: Professional Nursing Functions and Patient Behavior [5:19]
Professional nursing functions involve identifying the patient's immediate needs and providing appropriate assistance. Nursing begins when the patient feels helpless or unable to manage their situation. The nurse's role extends beyond administering medication or following doctor's orders; it requires understanding and addressing the patient's actual needs in a timely manner. Patient behavior, whether physical, emotional, or verbal, can signal a need for help. There are three types of patient behavior: verbal (directly stating needs), vocal (crying, moaning), and nonverbal (facial expressions, body language).
Immediate Reactions and Nursing Actions [6:50]
Immediate reactions refer to the nurse's internal response upon noticing a patient's behavior, using their five senses. The patient's behavior triggers the nurse's reaction, initiating the nursing process. There are two types of nursing actions: automatic and deliberative. Automatic nursing actions are quick, instinctive reactions without much thought, based on what the nurse sees or hears. Deliberative nursing actions are thoughtful and guided, where the nurse assesses and understands the patient's behavior to ensure appropriate action, leading to better solutions for the patient's actual problems.
Deliberative Nursing Process and Improvement [8:00]
The deliberative nursing process is central to Orlando's theory, involving interaction and communication between the nurse and the patient. Both the nurse and patient influence each other; the patient's behavior affects the nurse's actions, and the nurse's actions affect the patient's response. Deliberative means planned and purposeful action. Nurses should understand the patient's behavior, identify their needs, and ensure their actions provide real help. Improvement focuses on the outcome of nurse-patient interactions. Using a deliberative response increases the likelihood of meeting the patient's true needs, resulting in an improved condition due to appropriate nursing actions.
Metaparadigms: Nursing, Human Being, and Health [9:03]
According to Orlando, nursing is a unique and independent profession with the main goal of helping patients with their immediate needs in a disciplined and professional manner. Nurses should observe, listen, and act appropriately to understand the patient's needs, using proper knowledge and interactions. A human being, according to Orlando, is the center of nursing. Each person is unique with individual feelings, needs, and situations, requiring nurses to understand the patient's individuality. The nurse-patient relationship is dynamic, changing with the situation, with humans in need being the main focus of nursing practice. Health, in Orlando's theory, is about a person's overall well-being, both physically and emotionally. Health means feeling well and being free from stress, with nurses intervening when individuals cannot manage their situations.
Metaparadigm: Environment [10:39]
Orlando's theory does not focus much on the environment, with less emphasis on how surroundings, family, or community affect the patient. The focus is on the direct relationship and interaction between the nurse and the patient in addressing the patient's immediate needs. The environment is not the main concern, but rather the direct connection between the nurse and the patient.
Conceptual Framework: Nursing Process [11:12]
The conceptual framework used by Orlando is the nursing process, which includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Assessment is the first step, where the nurse collects data, including subjective (what the patient says) and objective (what the nurse observes) information. Diagnosis is the second step, where the nurse analyzes the data to identify the patient's nursing problems. Planning involves setting specific, measurable, and realistic goals and interventions to help the patient. Implementation is the action phase, where the nurse carries out the planned interventions, demonstrating their professional skills. Evaluation involves checking the effectiveness of the care plan, looking for improvements, and making necessary changes to the plan.
